
Noise
by Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony and Cass R. Sunstein
Beyond bias, there is noise: unwanted variability in judgments that should be identical, in sentencing, medicine, hiring and insurance. The authors show how large it is, why it is invisible, and how decision hygiene, independent judgments, structured processes, aggregation, reduces it. Dense and important for anyone who makes repeated judgments.
Read it if…
you make repeated judgments, hiring, grading, pricing, and want them consistent.
Skip it if…
you want a lighter read; it is a long, systematic book.
Three things you will actually use
- Noise is as costly as bias and less visible.
- Independent judgments before discussion.
- Structure reduces noise; intuition adds it.
Do this first
Have two people independently assess the same decision before discussing; measure the gap.
Our verdict
Important and demanding.
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