The Alignment Problem
by Brian Christian
How machine learning systems acquire human values, and fail to: bias in training data, reward hacking, inverse reinforcement learning, and the researchers trying to fix it. The best general-reader book on AI safety.
Read it if…
you want to understand AI alignment without the hype.
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Skip it if…
you want a business guide to AI.
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Three things you will actually use
- Systems optimise what you measure, not what you mean.
- Bias in, bias out.
- Specify values carefully; it is harder than it looks.
Do this first
Read the chapters on reward hacking.
Our verdict
AI and human values.
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Compare with other Focus books

The Champion's Mind
Jim Afremow · Focus
Comprehensive and practical; the mental-skills reference.
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